Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-2026

Abstract

Many health care providers, both implicitly and explicitly, perpetuate stigma in their treatment of patients classified as obese. While medical professionals understand that a one-size-fits-all approach to treatment is ineffective, patients classified as obese are frequently offered limited treatment options that fail to account for their unique needs. Access to a range of effective treatment options has historically been limited, but new GLP-1 receptor agonist medicines like Wegovy (semaglutide) and Zepbound (tirzepatide), have shown incredible promise in addressing the obesity crisis. Unfortunately, these transformative drugs are costly, in high demand, and not widely covered by insurance, rendering them inaccessible for many Americans.

This Article reviews the history of weight loss medications, emphasizing how past problems have fueled skepticism toward obesity treatment while reinforcing societal stigma against overweight individuals. Medical understanding of obesity has evolved from an issue of personal responsibility to a recognized disease, yet stigma persists. GLP-1 receptor agonist medicines have the potential to reduce structural barriers, including stigma, that deter individuals classified as obese from seeking necessary medical care. However, their effectiveness in addressing these barriers depends on expanding access. GLP-1 receptor agonists will not be universally effective, so enhanced provider education on comprehensive obesity management remains paramount. Effective medicines with strong safety profiles are an important first step, but to improve outcomes and reduce obesity stigma, physicians must adopt individualized, multi-faceted treatment plans for patients classified as obese.

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